Madagascar is home of 24 native species of Bulbostylis which 16 are endemic. This represents the second largest endemic radiation on the Island and the only large radiation using C4 photosynthesis. Limited DNA data are available for the group resulting the lack of a global infrageneric classification of the genus. Hence the present research which aims to provide a taxonomic revision of the Madagascan Bulbostylis contained all the species descriptions and illustrations, an identification key, a distribution map and the conservation status of each species.