This project investigates the evolutionary history of Himalayan Pedicularis by integrating multi-locus phylogenetic and biogeographic analyses to compare Eastern and Western Himalayan lineages with those from the Hengduan Mountains. It will test whether Eastern Himalayan species primarily originated through repeated dispersal from the Hengduan region and whether endemic Himalayan taxa arose through localized in situ diversification. The results will clarify how mountain uplift, geography, and isolation have shaped plant diversity in the Himalayas.